Composition, Rhetoric and Theology in Haggai 1:1–11

Abstract

The present analysis of Haggai 1:4-11 points at a sophisticated structure that differs at some points from those widely accepted. In addition, while some scholars explain the complexity of the passage as a composite process of formation, this paper has shown a well structured sermon designed to influence an adversary audience. The first part of the prophet’s words (1:4-6) is meant to demonstrate to the people their erroneous approach. The second part (1:7-9) intends to show the people the right way. The last part of Haggai’s words (1:10-11) construes the economic stress in terms of the covenantal relationship between God and Yehud that continues to play a central role, as in the pre-destruction period.